eguruchela

Phase transition

The term phase transition is most commonly used to describe transitions between solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter, and, in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium certain properties of the medium change, often discontinuously, as a result of the change of some external condition, such as temperature, pressure, or others.

For example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to the boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The measurement of the external conditions at which the transformation occurs is termed the phase transition. Phase transitions are common in nature and used today in many technologies.

There are six ways a substance can change between these three phases; melting, freezing, evaporating, condensing, sublimination, and deposition. These processes are reversible and each transfers between phases differently:

  • Melting: The transition from the solid to the liquid phase
  • Freezing: The transition from the liquid phase to the solid phase
  • Evaporating: The transition from the liquid phase to the gas phase
  • Condensing:The transition from the gas phase to the liquid phase
  • Sublimination: The transition from the solid phase to the gas phase
  • Deposition: The transition from the gas phase to the solid phase