The First Law Of Thermodynamics
ΔU: change in internal energy, W: work done by the system, Q: heat added into or out of the system
Application Of First Law To Ideal Gas Laws
Volume is constant
Pressure is constant, W’: work created by gas
Temperature is constant
The Second Law Of Thermodynamics
The efficiency of a cyclic heat engine
W’: work carried out per cycle(J), Q1: heat absorbed per cycle from the higher temperature(J), Q2’: heat rejected per cycle to the lower temperature(J)
Maximum thermal efficiency
T1,T2: higher and lower temperatures
